Which of the following is an exception to the hearsay rule?

The hearsay rule generally prohibits the use of out-of-court statements to prove the truth of the matter asserted. However, there are several exceptions to this rule, allowing certain statements to be admitted as evidence. Each of the three options listed is an accepted exception to the hearsay rule.

Present sense impression allows a statement made describing an event or condition while the observer is perceiving it, providing a reliable indication of the event as it unfolded. This is because the statement is made spontaneously and contemporaneously with the observed event, reducing the likelihood of fabrication.

An excited utterance refers to a statement made under the stress of excitement caused by a startling event or condition. Such statements are considered reliable because they are made without the careful reflection that typically accompanies more deliberate statements.

Statements made for medical treatment and diagnosis are also exceptions to the hearsay rule, as they are typically considered trustworthy. When a person makes statements to a medical professional for the purpose of receiving treatment, these statements are often made with the intent of obtaining accurate diagnoses and care.

Since each of these exceptions is recognized under the hearsay rule, the correct answer encompasses all three, affirming that they collectively represent valid exceptions within the judicial framework.