What is the term for a special legal right exemption or immunity granted to a person or class of persons?

The term for a special legal right exemption or immunity granted to a person or class of persons is indeed 'privilege'. In legal contexts, privilege refers to a particular right that allows individuals or groups to be exempt from certain legal obligations or liabilities. It can manifest in various forms, such as attorney-client privilege, which protects communications between an attorney and their client, or spousal privilege, which protects certain communications between spouses from being disclosed in court.

This concept underscores the idea that certain parties may possess rights that shield them from the full extent of legal scrutiny that others face. The recognition of privileges in law is essential in balancing the interests of justice with the rights of individuals or particular classes to maintain confidentiality or avoid other legal repercussions.

In contrast, other options do not fit within the legal framework as clearly. A waiver typically refers to the voluntary relinquishment of some known right or privilege, rather than an inherent exemption. The term 'free pass' lacks formal legal significance and does not convey the nuances of legal rights or immunities. Lastly, 'special waiver' implies a specific kind of relinquishment rather than an exemption, and does not align with the established legal definition of privilege.